The Vijayanagar empire was founded in 1336, to protect the Muslim invasion of South India. The Vijayanagar empire included the northern parts of Karnataka and some parts of Andhra Pradesh.
Founders : Harihar I and Bukka I on the bank of the river Thungabhadra.
A Hindu sage Vidyaranya inspired them to establish the empire.
The capital was Hampi.
The most important ruler of Vijayanagar empire was Krishnadeva Raya (1509 - 1530 AD) of the Tuluva dynasty. Krishnadeva Raya was a great patron of Telugu literature. He is the author of the book 'Amuktamalyada' due to his literary capacity like the Paramara king Bhoja. Ashtadiggajas (eight eminent luminaries in literature) adorned his court.
The Chidambram temple of South India was built by Krishnadevaraya.
Maha-navami (ten day) festival held in September / October became re-consecrated during this period.
He fought against Prathaparudra and captured Thungabhadra Valley.
During his period Goa was captured by the Portuguese.
Krishnadevaraya built 'Nagalapuram' (the new city) for the respect of his wife 'Nagaladevi'.
Vijayanagara rulers produced a new style of architecture called as Provida Style.
In the battle of Talikotta on the bank of the river Krishna on 23rd January 1565, the combined forces of the Muslim Sultans of the Deccan defeated the Vijayanagar ruler Rama Raya. This battle led to the decline of the Vijayanagar kingdom.
The most common animal on the pillars was horse.
The remains of this empire can be seen at Hampi in Karnataka.
The important temples were - Vithala Swami and Hazara temples at Hampi. (walls of these temples inscribing the stories of the Ramayana and Mahabharata) Tadaputri and Parvati temples at Chidambaram and Varadaraja and Ekambarnatha temples at Kanchipuram.
There were four dynasties that ruled the Vijayanagar empire.
- The Sangama dynasty (1336 - 1485) founded by Harihara I and Bukka I. (sons of Sangama)
- The Saluva Dynasty (1485 - 1505) was founded by Saluva Narsimha in 1485.
- The Tuluva dynasty (1505 - 1570) was founded by Vira Narsimha in 1505.
- The Aravida dynasty (1570 - 1649)
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